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Sarcoidosis:

is a disease causing spontaneous inflammation in different organs and tissues of the body. In such cases, large quantities of white blood cells (also known as defender cells or leucocytes) are created and accumulate in the tissues. These accumulations are known as granulomas. In the most serious cases, scar tissue is formed in the granulomas. Both granulomas and scar tissue can lead to malfunctioning of the organs. Patients often develop longstanding complaints. Sarcoidosis most frequently affects the lungs, lymph nodes, skin, eyes and joints. Sometimes the heart and nervous system are involved. In these cases, the terms cardiac sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis, respectively, are used.

Sacroiliac joint:

is the joint between the sacral bone and both pelvic bones. It is located just above the buttocks and below the two little dimples in the skin.

Scar tissue pain:

is caused by a little skin nerve being pinched by scar tissue, for instance, after an opration.

Scleroderma:

is a disease in which connective tissue (in the skin) hardens due to an inflammatory process. There are two types of scleroderma, a limited form restricted to the skin and a systemic form including internal organs. In scleroderma, large areas of skin or just the fingers are affected. When the disease progresses, the skin becomes tight, shiny and darker than normal. The facial skin becomes tighter and mask-like, which sometimes results in an inability to change the facial expression. Spider veins appear on the fingers, chest, face, lips and tongue.  Bumps of calcium appear on the fingers, joints and other bony parts of the body. The transition area from the esophagus to the stomach is usually damaged by scarring. The damaged esophagus cannot transport food to the stomach sufficiently.

Sinus:

is a cavity, for example, in the bones of the skull, in which the frontal sinus and jaw sinus are located.

Skin nerve biopsy:

is an examination to remove a tiny piece of your skin (3 mm) in order to examine the nerves of the skin.

SLE:

is the abbreviation for systemic lupus erythematosus and is a condition where the immune system turns against its own cells. Normally, the immune system protects the body by using antibodies against external substances. SLE is a disease in which antibodies turn against the connective tissues. 

Spinal canal:

is the space located inside the vertebrae and through which the spinal cord runs.

SSEP:

is the abbreviaton for somatosensible evoked response. It measures the time from the skin being stimulated to the arrival of the response in the brain.

Stimulator:

is another name for pacemaker (see pacemaker) and is a battery-operated device that produces small electrical currents, for example, to stimulate the spinal cord in order to reduce pain.

Syndrome:

is a collection of complaints and symptoms that frequently occur together and of which the cause is unknown.